Work permits in UK

The UK is one of the most attractive labour markets in Europe, with a developed economy and ample opportunities for professional growth. However, for foreign nationals seeking to work in the UK, there are a number of requirements and procedures associated with obtaining work permits.

Main Categories of Work Permits

There are different types of work permits in the UK, each designed for specific categories of employment. The most relevant types are as follows:

1. Skilled Worker Visa (Skilled Worker Visa)

The skilled worker visa is one of the most popular categories of work permits for foreign professionals. To qualify for this visa, the applicant must fulfil the following requirements:

1. Job Offer: The applicant must have a job offer from a licensed employer in the UK.
2. Level of qualification: The work must be at a certain level of qualification (usually at least RQF level 3, which corresponds to A-levels).
3. Minimum Salary: Salary must meet the minimum requirements for the position. For 2024, the minimum salary is £26,200 per annum, although different rates may apply for some occupations and in some regions.
4. English: English language proficiency is required, which is verified through tests or a validated diploma.
5. Start-up and Innovator Visas (Start-up and Innovator Visas)

This category is for foreign entrepreneurs wishing to set up a new business in the UK. The basic requirements include:

2. Business Plan: An innovative and viable business plan approved by an accredited organisation must be submitted.
3. Funding: There are no strict start-up capital requirements for start-ups, however a minimum of £50,000 is required for the Innovator visa.
4. Visa for highly skilled workers (Global Talent Visa)

The Global Talent visa is designed for recognised leaders or promising professionals in fields such as the sciences, humanities, arts and technology. Requirements include:

3. Talent endorsement: The applicant must obtain an endorsement from an accredited organisation attesting to their achievements and contribution to their chosen field.
4. No employer requirement: This visa does not require a job offer, which allows for greater choice in career opportunities.
5. Temporary Worker Visas (Temporary Worker Visas)

For temporary and seasonal work, there are several types of visas such as:

4. Creative and Sporting Visa: For workers in the arts and sporting industries.
5. Charity Worker Visa: For volunteers and employees of non-profit organisations.
6. Seasonal Worker Visa: For agricultural workers in seasonal jobs.

Process of Obtaining a Work Permit

The process of obtaining a work permit in the UK involves several key steps:

1. Preparation and Submission of the Application

The applicant must collect all necessary documents, including proof of job offer, proof of qualifications and English language proficiency. The documents must be translated into English and submitted to the consulate or visa application centre.

2. Awaiting Decision

The waiting time for a decision depends on the type of visa and the complexity of the application. On average, the review process can take from several weeks to several months.

3. Obtaining a Visa

Once the application is approved, the applicant will receive a visa which will allow them to enter the UK and start work.

4. Registration and Compliance

Once in the UK, the worker must register with local authorities and comply with the terms of the visa, including compliance with working conditions and minimum wage requirements.

Work permits in the UK are an important tool for attracting international talent and meeting the needs of the labour market. Understanding the different types of visas and their requirements will help foreign workers to successfully integrate into the UK working environment. Proper preparation and compliance with all the requirements of the visa process will ensure legal status and full employment in the UK.

Who can work in UK?

The UK, as one of the world’s leading financial and economic centres, attracts a large number of foreign professionals and workers. The rules and requirements relating to the right to work in the UK depend on a number of factors including nationality, visa status, qualifications and profession.

UK and EU nationals

1. British citizens

British citizens have an unlimited right to work in the UK. They can work in any field without the need for an additional work permit or visa. However, specific qualifications or checks may be required to work in certain areas, such as the civil service or certain professions.

2. EU/EEA and Swiss nationals

Before the UK left the European Union, EU, EEA and Swiss nationals had the right to travel and work freely in the UK. However, following Brexit and the end of the transition period on 31 December 2020, the rules have changed. EU/EEA and Swiss nationals wishing to work in the UK must now comply with new requirements and visa rules.

Foreign Citizens

There are certain visa categories and requirements for foreign nationals who are not UK or EU/EEA and Swiss nationals. Let’s look at the main ones:

1. Skilled Worker Visa (Skilled Worker Visa)

The Skilled Worker visa is one of the most common visas for foreign professionals wishing to work in the UK. To qualify for this visa you need to:

1. Job Offer: Having an offer from an employer in the UK who is a licensed sponsor.
2. Level of qualification: Work must be at least RQF 3 (A-level).
3. Minimum Wage: Salaries must meet the statutory minimum wage, which for 2024 is £26,200 per annum (or £10.75 per hour).
4. English: English language proficiency as demonstrated by tests or diplomas is required.
5. Start-up and Innovator Visas (Start-up and Innovator Visas)

These visas are for entrepreneurs wishing to set up a new business in the UK. The basic requirements include:

2. Innovative Business Plan: The business plan must be approved by an accredited organisation.
3. Financial means: The Innovator visa requires a start-up capital of £50,000.
4. Visa for highly skilled workers (Global Talent Visa)

This visa is for recognised leaders in science, arts, humanities and technology. Key Requirements:

3. Proof of Achievement: The applicant must obtain endorsement from an accredited organisation confirming their achievements in their chosen field.
4. Employment Flexibility: The visa does not require a job offer, allowing applicants more freedom to seek employment and professional development.
5. Temporary Worker Visas (Temporary Worker Visas)

The following visas are available for short-term and seasonal workers:

4. Creative and Sporting Visa: For workers in the arts and sporting industries.
5. Charity Worker Visa: For volunteers and employees of non-profit organisations.
6. Seasonal Worker Visa: For agricultural workers in seasonal jobs.
7. Student Visa (Student Visa)

Students studying in the UK on a Student visa are entitled to work part-time during their studies and full-time during holidays. These restrictions depend on the level of the course and the type of institution.

Principles and Procedures

1. Sponsor Licence Check

Employers in the UK must be licensed sponsors to employ foreign workers. This ensures compliance with all visa requirements and protects workers’ rights.

2. Preparation of Documents

An extensive package of documents is required to obtain a visa, including proof of job offer, qualifications, English language skills and financial means.

3. Compliance with Visa Conditions

Once a visa is granted, the worker must comply with all conditions of the visa authorisation, including compliance with wage and hour requirements.

The UK offers a wide range of opportunities for foreign nationals seeking to work in the country. The rules and requirements depend on the visa category and the specifics of the job. Knowing the current requirements and preparing the correct documents will help to ensure a successful work permit process and integration into the UK labour market.

How to apply for a UK work visa

The UK, being one of the largest financial and economic centres in the world, offers many opportunities for foreign professionals and workers. However, in order to legally work in the country, you need to obtain the appropriate visa. The process of applying for a visa to work can seem daunting, especially for those new to visa requirements.

Step 1: Determining Visa Type

Before beginning the application process, it is important to determine which type of work visa is right for you. The main visa categories include:

1. Skilled Worker Visa (Skilled Worker Visa)
   • For professionals who have a job offer from a licensed employer in the UK.
2. Start-up and Innovator Visas (Start-up and Innovator Visas)
   • For entrepreneurs looking to start a new business or innovative venture.
3. Visa for highly skilled workers (Global Talent Visa)
   • For recognised leaders or up-and-coming professionals in science, arts and technology.
4. Temporary Worker Visas (Temporary Worker Visas)
   • For temporary and seasonal workers in fields such as the arts, sport and charity.
5. Student Visa (Student Visa)
   • For students wishing to work in the UK whilst studying.

Step 2: Preparation of Documents

Depending on the type of visa, the document requirements may vary. The main documents that may be required are:

1. Passport and Photographs
   • A valid passport and photographs that meet the visa requirements.
2. Confirmation of the Job Offer
   • The Skilled Worker visa requires a job offer from a licensed sponsor in the UK.
3. Documents Confirming Qualifications
   • Diplomas, certificates and other documents confirming your qualifications.
4. Evidence of English Language Proficiency
   • Certificates from tests such as IELTS or diplomas proving English language skills.
5. Financial Evidence
   • Documents proving that you have sufficient funds to live in the UK if required for your chosen visa.
6. Confirmation of the Employer’s Solvency
   • For Skilled Worker visas and some other types of visas, it is necessary to confirm that the employer is a licensed sponsor.

Step 3: Submitting the Application

The visa application process involves several steps:

1. Filling in the Online Application
   • Complete the form online at the official UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) website. The form includes information about your job offer, qualifications and plans to work in the UK.
2. Payment of Fees
   • Pay visa fees and, if applicable, Immigration Health Surcharge. The fees depend on the type of visa and its validity period.
3. Appointment and Visit to the Visa Application Centre
   • After completing the form and paying the fees, make an appointment at the visa centre or consulate to submit your biometrics (photo and fingerprints).
4. Provision of Documents
   • Submit all collected documents at the visa application centre. Make sure that all documents are translated into English and meet the requirements.

Step 4: Waiting for a Decision

After submitting your application, you will have to wait for a decision on your visa. The processing time may vary depending on the type of visa and the amount of documents submitted. On average, the process can take from a few weeks to a few months.

Step 5: Obtaining Visa and Preparing for Relocation

If your application is approved, you will receive a visa that will allow you to enter the UK. Once you have received your visa:

1. Check Visa
   • Make sure all the details on the visa are correct and check the expiry date.
2. Prepare for the Move
   • Organise your move, taking into account housing, medical care and other aspects of living in the UK.
3. Check-in on Arrival
   • In some cases you will need to register with local authorities on arrival in the UK.

The process of applying for a visa to work in the UK can be complex, but with the right approach and careful preparation it will become more manageable. Determine the right type of visa, gather all the necessary documents, follow the application instructions and be prepared for possible additional requirements. Following all the steps and requirements will help ensure a successful visa application and the start of a new career in the UK.

Work visa requirements in UK

The UK continues to be one of the most attractive countries for professionals from all over the world, offering numerous career opportunities in various industries. However, in order to legally work in the country, foreign nationals need to obtain the appropriate visa.

General Requirements for a Visa for Work

1. Confirmation of the Job Offer

For most types of employment-related visas, one of the main requirements is to have a job offer from an employer in the UK. The employer must be a licensed sponsor, which means that they are authorised to employ foreign workers.

2. Qualification level

The job for which a foreign national applies must fulfil a certain level of qualification. In most cases this requires the position to be at least RQF 3 (equivalent to A-level). This requirement is associated with Skilled Worker Visas and other types of visa.

3. Minimum Wage

The applicant must demonstrate that the proposed earnings meet the minimum requirements. For 2024, the minimum salary for the Skilled Worker visa is £26,200 per annum or £10.75 per hour. Other rates may apply for some occupations and in some regions.

4. Knowledge of English

Most visas require proof of English language proficiency. This can be done through test results such as IELTS or through diplomas and certificates proving education in English.

5. Financial Resources

In some cases it is necessary to demonstrate that you have sufficient financial means to live in the UK. This is particularly relevant for visas such as Start-up and Innovator Visas, where it is necessary to prove the availability of start-up capital.

Specific Requirements by Visa Type

1. Skilled Worker Visa (Skilled Worker Visa)
   • Proposal of Work: Must be done by a licensed sponsor.
   • Qualifications: The position must be at RQF level 3 or above.
   • Salary: Minimum salary of £26,200 per annum or £10.75 per hour.
   • English Language: CEFR level B1 is required.
   • Fees: Visa and Immigration Health Surcharge (Immigration Health Surcharge).
2. Start-up and Innovator Visas (Start-up and Innovator Visas)
   • Business Plan: An innovative and viable business plan approved by an accredited organisation must be submitted.
   • Financial Resources: The Innovator visa requires a minimum of £50,000 to be available for investment.
   • English Language: CEFR level B2 is required.
3. Visa for Highly Skilled Workers (Global Talent Visa)
   • Proof of Achievement: An endorsement from an accredited organisation confirming significant achievement in science, art or technology is required.
   • Flexibility: No job offer is required, giving you flexibility in your job search and career development.
4. Temporary Worker Visas (Temporary Worker Visas)
   • Temporary Work: Required for categories such as arts, sports and charity. Specific requirements depend on the type of temporary work.
   • English Language: Some categories require a basic level of English.
   • Documents: Proof of employment and eligibility for temporary employment is required.
5. Student Visa (Student Visa)
   • Institution: Must be enrolled in an accredited institution.
   • Work: Students can work part-time during their studies and full-time during holidays.

Application Process

1. Completing the Online Form

The application is made through the official UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) website. The form requires information about the job offer, qualifications and financial situation.

2. Payment of Fees

Payment of visa fees and Immigration Health Surcharge, which varies depending on the type of visa and its duration.

3. Biometric Data

It is necessary to undergo a biometric data collection procedure (photo and fingerprints) at a visa centre or consulate.

4. Provision of Documents

Gathering and submitting all necessary documents, including proof of job offer, qualifications and English language level.

5. Awaiting Decision

The processing time can vary from a few weeks to several months, depending on the type of visa and the amount of documents submitted.

The process of obtaining a visa to work in the UK requires careful preparation and compliance. Knowing the specifics of each visa category and applying correctly is crucial to successfully obtaining a work permit. Following these steps and requirements will help ensure legal status and a successful career in the UK.

Long-stay visa types for working in UK

The UK is an attractive destination for foreign professionals due to its economic opportunities and high quality of life. There are different types of long-term visas available for those planning to work in the country for the long term. Understanding the specifics of each will help you choose the most appropriate category and successfully complete the visa application process.

Skilled Worker Visa (Skilled Worker Visa)

Review:

The Skilled Worker Visa is for foreign nationals who have received an offer of employment from a licensed sponsor in the UK. This visa allows you to work in the UK for a long term and is one of the most popular visas for professionals.

Requirements:

• Job Offer: You must have a job offer from a licensed employer in the UK who is registered with the sponsor list.
• Qualifications: Work must be at RQF qualification level 3 or above (A-level equivalent).
• Minimum Wage: A minimum wage is required, which for 2024 is £26,200 per annum or £10.75 per hour. Different rates may apply for some occupations.
• English Language: English language proficiency of at least B1 on the CEFR scale is required.
• Financial Means: Availability of financial means to cover living expenses.

Benefits:

• Allows you to live and work in the UK for up to 5 years with the possibility of extension.
• Ability to apply for permanent residency (Indefinite Leave to Remain) after 5 years.

Start-up and Innovator Visas (Start-up and Innovator Visas)

Start-up and Innovator visas are designed for entrepreneurs wishing to set up a new business in the UK. These visas are aimed at attracting innovative ideas and highly skilled entrepreneurs.

Start-up Visa:

• Requirements: An innovative business plan approved by an accredited organisation must be submitted.
• Financial means: There are no strict requirements to have start-up capital.
• English Language: English language proficiency of at least B2 on the CEFR scale is required.
• Period of Validity: The visa is granted for a period of up to 2 years.

Innovator Visa:

• Requirements: Requires a minimum £50,000 investment in the business and proof of business viability.
• English Language: English language proficiency should be at least B2 on the CEFR scale.
• Period of Validity: The visa is granted for a period of up to 3 years with the possibility of extension.

Benefits:

• Opportunity to attract investment and develop innovative ideas in the UK.
• Ability to apply for permanent residency after 3 years for Innovator visa.

Visa for Highly Skilled Workers (Global Talent Visa)

The Global Talent visa is designed for recognised leaders and promising professionals in fields such as science, arts, humanities and technology. This visa offers a high level of flexibility in employment and career development.

Requirements:

• Proof of Achievement: Approval from an accredited organisation confirming outstanding achievement in the chosen field is required.
• English Language: There are no strict English language requirements, but proficiency may be tested in the assessment of achievement.
• Financial Means: No proof of specific start-up capital is required.

Benefits:

• Ability to work in any field and change employers without having to obtain a new permit.
• Ability to apply for permanent residency (Indefinite Leave to Remain) after 3 years.

Temporary Worker Visas (Temporary Worker Visas)

The Temporary Worker Visa is for foreign nationals who want to work in the UK on a temporary basis in various fields such as the arts, sport and charities.

Types of Visas:

• Creative and Sporting Visa: For workers in the arts and sporting industries.
• Charity Worker Visa: For volunteers and employees of non-profit organisations.
• Seasonal Worker Visa: For seasonal workers, mainly in agriculture.

Requirements:

• Job Offer: An offer of employment from a licensed employer is required.
• English Language: Some types of visas require a basic level of English.
• Duration: Temporary visas are usually granted for up to 1 year, depending on the type of visa and working conditions.

Benefits:

• The opportunity to work in the UK on a temporary basis with the possibility of visa extensions in some cases.

The UK offers a variety of long-term work visas, each with its own requirements and benefits. The right type of visa depends on your career goals, skill level and desired length of stay. Understanding the specifics of each visa and following the application process will help to ensure that you are successful in obtaining your visa and commencing your long-term employment in the UK.

Who needs a UK employment Visa?

The UK continues to attract professionals and workers from all over the world due to its dynamic economic conditions and high quality of life. However, foreign nationals require a work visa to be legally employed in the country.

Who Needs a Work Visa?

1. Foreign nationals outside the UK

All non-European Union (EU) or European Economic Area (EEA) nationals need a work visa to work in the UK. Following the UK’s exit from the EU (Brexit), visa requirements for EU and EEA nationals have also been revised. Foreign workers from these countries are now also required to obtain a work visa if they plan to work in the UK for more than 6 months.

2. EU/EEA and Swiss nationals

Post-Brexit, EU, EEA and Swiss nationals planning long-term employment in the UK must comply with new visa requirements. These requirements came into force on 1 January 2021. Citizens of these countries who wish to work in the UK for more than 6 months are required to obtain an appropriate work visa, such as a Skilled Worker Visa.

3. Temporary Workers

Workers employed on a temporary basis, such as seasonal workers, artists, athletes or volunteers, must also obtain a work visa. There are special visa programmes for such categories, such as:

• Seasonal Worker Visa: For temporary workers in agriculture.
• Creative and Sporting Visa: For workers in the arts and sporting industries.
• Charity Worker Visa: For employees of charitable organisations.

4. Entrepreneurs and Start-ups

Foreign nationals who plan to set up a business in the UK or engage in entrepreneurial activities must obtain one of the entrepreneur visas such as:

• Start-up Visa: For entrepreneurs who want to start a new business and have an approved business plan.
• Innovator Visa: For more experienced entrepreneurs with business investments.

5. Highly qualified Specialists

Highly skilled professionals who have received an offer of employment in the UK from a licensed employer must also obtain a work visa. Such professionals include:

• Skilled Worker Visa: For those who have a job offer from an accredited employer and meet the qualifications and salary requirements.
• Global Talent Visa: For recognised leaders in science, arts and technology.

Advantages of a Working Visa

For foreign workers, a work visa offers many advantages:

• Legal Employment: Provides legal status for employment in the UK.
• Professional Opportunities: Access to professional opportunities and career growth in one of the world’s largest economies.
• Pathway to Permanent Residence: You can apply for Indefinite Leave to Remain after you have lived and worked in the UK for a certain period of time.
• Social Safeguards: Access to health services and social safeguards through the NHS (National Health Service).

Process of Obtaining a Work Visa

The process of obtaining a work visa involves several key steps:

1. Determining Visa Type: Selecting the appropriate visa category based on the type of work and length of stay.
2. Collection of Documents: Preparation of necessary documents such as job offer, proof of qualifications, proof of financial means and English language proficiency.
3. Applying: Completing and submitting an application through the UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) online platform, paying the visa fees and Immigration Health Surcharge.
4. Biometric Data: Going through the biometric data collection procedure at the visa application centre.
5. Waiting for Decision: Waiting for a visa decision, which can take from several weeks to several months depending on the type of visa and the amount of documents submitted.

Obtaining a work visa is a prerequisite for foreigners wishing to work in the UK. Regardless of your nationality, type of work or purpose of stay, choosing the right visa category and complying with the process will help to ensure legal employment and a successful career in the UK. Understanding the visa requirements and preparing the necessary documents are key steps towards successfully obtaining a work visa.

How to apply for a UK work visa?

The UK remains one of the most attractive countries for professionals seeking career growth and new opportunities. However, in order to legally work in the country, foreign nationals need to obtain a work visa. The process of applying for a work visa may seem complicated, but with the right information and preparation it can be made much easier.

Step 1: Determine the Suitable Visa Type

Before you start the application process, it is important to determine what type of visa you need. There are several categories of work visas in the UK, each with different requirements and characteristics:

1. Skilled Worker Visa
   • For professionals with a job offer from a licensed employer in the UK.
2. Global Talent Visa
   • For recognised leaders and up-and-coming professionals in science, art and technology.
3. Start-up Visa
   • For entrepreneurs who want to start a new business and have an approved business plan.
4. Innovator Visa
   • For experienced entrepreneurs with an investment in the business.
5. Temporary Worker Visas
   • For temporary workers in areas such as the arts, sports and charity work.
6. Seasonal Worker Visa
   • For seasonal workers, mainly in agriculture.

Step 2: Collect Required Documents

Depending on the type of visa, the document requirements may vary. However, most visas will require the following documents:

1. Passport
   • A valid passport that will be used to enter the UK.
2. Confirmation of the Job Offer
   • The Skilled Worker visa requires a job offer from a licensed employer.
3. Documents Confirming Qualifications
   • Diplomas, certificates and other documents confirming your qualifications and work experience.
4. Proof of English Language Proficiency
   • Certificates from tests such as IELTS or diplomas proving education in English.
5. Financial Documents
   • Documents proving that you have sufficient funds to live in the UK if required for your chosen visa.
6. Health documents
   • In some cases, a medical certificate or medical examination may be required.

Step 3: Complete the Online Application

The process of applying for a work visa starts by completing an online application form on the UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) website. The basic steps include:

1. Registering on the UKVI Portal
   • Create an account on the official UKVI website.
2. Filling in the Application Form
   • Complete the application form, providing information about your job offer, qualifications and financial status.
3. Selection of Visa Type
   • Indicate the type of visa you are applying for.
4. Payment of Fees
   • Pay the visa fees and, if applicable, the Immigration Health Surcharge. The amount of the fees depends on the type of visa and its validity period.

Step 4: Provide Biometric Data

Once you have completed the online application form, you will be required to provide biometric details:

1. Appointment
   • Make an appointment at the visa centre or consulate to provide biometric data (photo and fingerprints).
2. Visit to the Visa Application Centre
   • Visit the designated location and provide biometric data.

Step 5: Provide Documents

At this stage, you need to present all the collected documents at the visa centre or consulate:

1. Documents for Filing
   • Make sure all documents are translated into English and meet visa requirements.
2. Filing of Documents
   • Submit original documents along with copies, if required.

Step 6: Wait for a Decision

After submitting your application, you will have to wait for a decision on your visa. The processing time can vary depending on the type of visa and the amount of documents submitted. It usually takes from a few weeks to a few months.

1. Application Status Tracking
   • You can track the status of your application through the UKVI online portal or contact the visa centre for updates.

Step 7: Obtain Visa and Prepare for Relocation

If your application is approved, you will receive a visa that will allow you to enter the UK:

1. Visa Verification
   • Make sure all the details on the visa are correct and check the expiry date.
2. Preparing for the Move
   • Organise your move, including housing, medical care and other aspects of life in the UK.
3. Check-in on Arrival
   • In some cases you will need to register with local authorities on arrival in the UK.

The process of applying for a UK work visa can be multi-layered and requires careful preparation. Identifying the right type of visa, gathering the necessary documents, completing the online application form and complying with all the requirements will help you to successfully complete the visa application process. Following the steps outlined and paying attention to detail will ensure that you are legally employed and successfully start working in the UK.

Required documents for a UK employment visa

Obtaining a work visa for the UK requires precise compliance and the preparation of a number of documents. Correctly completing and submitting the necessary documents is crucial to a successful visa application and future employment.

Basic Documents for Working Visa

1. Passport

Description:

• Requirements: A valid passport that will be used to enter the UK.
• Conditions: The passport must be valid for the duration of your stay in the UK and must contain blank pages for visa stamps.

2. Confirmation of the Work Proposal

Description:

• For Skilled Worker Visa: A written job offer from a licensed employer in the UK who is an accredited sponsor.
• For Global Talent Visa: Proof of achievement of significant results in their field, usually in the form of letters of recommendation or other evidence of success.
• For Start-up and Innovator Visas: Approved business plan and proof of investment (for Innovator Visa).

Terms and Conditions:

• The document should include information about the position, offer period, salary and working conditions.

3. Documents Confirming Qualification

Description:

• Diplomas and Certificates: Copies of diplomas, certificates and other documents confirming your qualifications and experience.
• Recognition of Qualifications: Documents showing that your qualifications are recognised in the UK, if applicable.

Terms and Conditions:

• Documents must be translated into English and notarised if required.

4. Proof of English Language Proficiency

Description:

• Tests: Results of English language proficiency tests such as IELTS, TOEFL or other accredited tests.
• Education: Diplomas and certificates confirming education in English.

Terms and Conditions:

• The minimum level of English language proficiency required for the selected visa category (e.g. B1 level for Skilled Worker Visa) must be achieved.

5. Financial Documents

Description:

• Proof of Financial Wealth: Documents showing that you have sufficient funds to live in the UK, if applicable for the chosen visa type.
• Bank Statements: Recent bank statements or documents confirming the availability of the required funds in the account.

Terms and Conditions:

• Financial document requirements may vary depending on visa category and accommodation conditions.

6. Health documents

Description:

• Medical Certificate: Some types of visas may require a medical certificate or medical examination to confirm the absence of infectious diseases or other health problems.

Terms and Conditions:

• The certificates must be provided in accordance with UKVI requirements and translated into English if necessary.

7. Biometric Data

Description:

• Procedure: Collection of biometric data (photo and fingerprints) at a visa centre or consulate.

Terms and Conditions:

• The need to provide biometric data depends on the type of visa and may require an appointment.

8. Documents Confirming Housing Conditions

Description:

• Proof of Residence: Documents proving proof of residence in the UK if required.

Terms and Conditions:

• This may include a rental agreement, an invitation from friends or family, or proof of residency from an employer.

Specifics of Documents Depending on Visa Type

1. Skilled Worker Visa

• Documents: Job offer from an accredited employer, proof of qualifications, English language test results, financial documents.

2. Global Talent Visa

• Documents: Evidence of outstanding achievement, recommendations from accredited organisations, evidence of international recognition.

3. Start-up Visa

• Documents: Approved business plan from an accredited organisation, proof of seed capital, proof of business innovation.

4. Innovator Visa

• Documents: Minimum £50,000 business investment, approved business plan, evidence of business experience.

5. Temporary Worker Visas

• Documents: Temporary job offer, proof of working conditions, documents proving temporary employment status.

Preparation and Filing of Documents

1. Check Requirements: Ensure that all documents meet the requirements for the selected visa category.
2. Translation and Certification: Translate documents into English and certify them if necessary.
3. Gathering Documents: Gather all the required documents in one place for submission.
4. Confirmation of Documents: Check that all documents are up to date and comply with UKVI requirements.
5. Submitting an Application: Submit your application together with the documents you have collected through the UKVI online portal or visa application centre.

The correct preparation and submission of documents is critical to successfully obtaining a UK work visa. Make sure that you understand exactly the requirements for your chosen visa type and that all your documents meet these requirements. Thorough preparation will help avoid delays and increase your chances of successfully obtaining a visa and legal employment in the UK.

Where to apply for a UK work visa?

The process of obtaining a work visa for the UK starts with choosing the right place to apply. Regardless of the type of visa, whether it is a Skilled Worker Visa, Global Talent Visa or another category, it is important to know where and how to apply to ensure a successful visa application and minimise the risks of delays.

1. The UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) online portal

Description:

For most types of work visas, the application is made through the UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) online portal. This is the most convenient and commonly used way to apply.

The Submission Process:

1. Registration: Create an account on the UKVI website.
2. Filling the Form: Complete the online application form by providing personal information, job offer details and other relevant information.
3. Payment: Pay your visa fees and Immigration Health Surcharge online.
4. Upload Documents: Upload scans of all required documents such as passport, job offer and proof of qualification.
5. Enrolment for Biometrics: After completing the form and payment, you will be prompted to enrol for biometrics.

Benefits:

• Convenience: Ability to apply from anywhere in the world.
• Efficiency: Fast application process and the ability to track the status of the application online.

2. Visa Centres

Description:

After submitting your online application, you may need to visit a visa centre to submit your biometric data and original documents. Visa Application Centres are located in various countries and cities around the world.

The Submission Process:

1. Finding a Centre: Find your nearest visa centre on the UKVI website or through global visa centre networks such as VFS Global or TLScontact.
2. Make an Appointment: Make an appointment through the visa application centre’s online portal or by phone.
3. Visit the Centre: Undertake the biometric data (photo and fingerprints) and provide original documents.

Benefits:

• Physical Support: Opportunities for counselling and assistance with the application process.
• Local Presence: Conveniently located for filing in your area.

3. United Kingdom: Consulates and Embassies

Description:

In some countries you may be able to apply for a work visa at UK consulates or embassies. This is relevant for countries where there are no visa centres or if additional guidance is required.

The Submission Process:

1. Contact: Contact your nearest UK consulate or embassy for information on the application process.
2. Appointment: Make an appointment to submit your documents and biometrics, if required.
3. Submission of Documents: Submit all required documents and completed forms.

Benefits:

• Personalised Service: Possibility of consultation and clarification of details by phone or in person.
• On-site support: Help with the document preparation and application process.

4. British Embassies in London (for EU/EEA Citizens)

Description:

For EU, EEA and Swiss nationals who previously had free movement rights but are now required to obtain a work visa, application is made through the UK embassies in their home countries.

The Submission Process:

1. Information: Get information about the application process and required documents on the embassy’s website.
2. Appointment: Make an appointment to apply and submit your biometric data through the embassy.
3. Filing Documents: Submit your documents and pay the fees at the consulate.

Benefits:

• Local Support: On-site counselling and assistance in your home country.

Applying for a UK work visa can be done through the UKVI online portal, visa centres, consulates or embassies, depending on your location and visa type. Choosing the right application location and thoroughly preparing all the necessary documents are key to successfully obtaining your visa. Make sure you follow instructions and provide all required documents to minimise the risk of delays and increase your chances of successfully obtaining a work visa.

Processing time for UK work visa

The processing time for a UK work visa application is an important aspect of planning your relocation and employment in the UK. Understanding the timescales will help you to plan your application steps correctly and take account of possible delays.

Main Factors Affecting Processing Time

1. Type of visa

Description:

Different types of visas may have different processing times. The main types of work visas and their estimated processing times include:

• Skilled Worker Visa: Usually processed within 8 weeks.
• Global Talent Visa: The average processing time is about 8 weeks, although in some cases it can take up to 12 weeks.
• Start-up Visa and Innovator Visa: Applications for these visas can be processed within 8-12 weeks.
• Temporary Worker Visas: Usually processed within 8 weeks, but there may be differences depending on the specific visa category.

Impact: Processing time depends on the type of visa and may vary depending on the volume of applications received and the complexity of each case.

2. Quality of Submitted Documents

• Completeness of Documents: Incomplete or inaccurate documents may cause delays in processing. For example, missing proof of qualifications or incorrectly completed forms may require additional enquiries or corrections.
• Translations and Certifications: Documents submitted in a foreign language must be translated into English and notarised if required. Incorrect translations may slow down the process.

Impact: Processing time increases if additional documents are requested or checks need to be made.

3. Period of the Year

• Peak Periods: Processing times may increase during periods of high demand, such as after holidays or at the beginning of the year when many applications are submitted at the same time.
• Holidays and Holidays: Temporary delays may be caused by national holidays or holiday periods.

Impact: Processing may take longer during periods of high workload.

4. Personal Interview and Biometric Data

• Biometrics appointment: Waiting times for biometrics appointments at visa centres may vary depending on the busyness of the centre.
• Interview: In some cases, an additional interview may be required, which can also lengthen the process.

Impact: The presence or absence of the need for a face-to-face interview may affect the overall processing time.

Recommendations for Accelerating the Process

1. Prepare a Full Package of Documents

• Document Verification: Ensure that all documents are compliant and have been collected in full.
• Translations and Certifications: Prepare all translations and certifications of documents in advance.

2. Serve Online

• Online Submission: Submitting your application through the UKVI online portal can speed up the process as it allows you to receive instant confirmations and track the status of your application.

3. pay attention to Timing

• Planning: Plan your application well in advance to avoid the consequences of possible delays, especially if the visa is required to start work within a certain time frame.

4. Follow the Status

• Tracking: Regularly check the status of your application through the online portal or through the visa application centre to be aware of possible requests for additional documents or information.

Average Processing Time by Visa Category

• Skilled Worker Visa: The average processing time is about 8 weeks, although it can be faster depending on the completeness of the application and the season.
• Global Talent Visa: Usually 8-12 weeks, with possible variations depending on individual circumstances.
• Start-up and Innovator Visas: 8-12 weeks depending on the complexity of the business plan and confirmation of funding.
• Temporary Worker Visas: Usually 8 weeks, but the time may vary depending on the type of visa and the workload of the visa centre.

The processing of a UK work visa application can take varying amounts of time depending on the type of visa, the quality of the documents submitted and the current workload of the visa authorities. Careful preparation and correct completion of all required documents will help to reduce processing time and minimise the risk of delays. Planning and timely submission of your application are key to successfully obtaining a visa and starting work in the UK.

Taxes in UK for foreign workers

The UK is an attractive destination for expatriate workers due to its vibrant economy and diverse career opportunities. However, working in the UK comes with the obligation to pay taxes, which can be a daunting process for those new to the UK tax system.

Main Taxes for Foreign Workers

1. Income Tax (Income Tax)

Description:

• Principles of Taxation: Income tax in the UK is levied on wages and other sources of income such as bonuses, bonuses and investment income.
• Tax rates: The tax rate depends on the level of income and is divided into three main levels:
  • Basic Rate (Basic Rate): 20% on income between £12,571 and £50,270 per annum.
  • Higher Rate (Higher Rate): 40% on income between £50,271 and £150,000 per annum.
  • Additional Rate (Additional Rate): 45% on income over £150,000 per annum.
• Personal Allowance: The Personal Allowance is £12,570 per year, meaning income up to this amount is tax free.

Impact: The amount of income tax depends on the level of earnings and the application of various tax deductions and exemptions.

2. National Insurance Contributions (NICs)

• Principles: National Insurance contributions are intended to finance social benefits such as pensions and unemployment benefits.
• Rates of Contributions: Contributions are divided into several classes, the most important to employees:
  • Class 1: For employees for whom contributions are paid by the employer. The rates are 12% on income between £12,570 and £50,270 and 2% on income over £50,270.
  • Class 2 and Class 4: Applies to self-employed and entrepreneurs, but not to foreign workers.

Impact: The amount of contributions depends on the level of income and whether the worker is an employee or self-employed.

3. Capital Gains Tax (Capital Gains Tax)

• Principles of Taxation: Capital tax is levied on gains realised from the sale of assets such as real estate or investments.
• Tax rates: The main rates include 10% for standard assets and 18% for residential property. For high incomes the rates are 20% and 28% respectively.
• Benefits: A £12,300 capital gains tax allowance applies.

Impact: Capital tax is applied to gains on the sale of assets and requires consideration of current tax incentives and rates.

Tax Obligations of Foreign Workers

1. Registration with the Tax Service

• National Insurance Number: Foreign workers must obtain a National Insurance Number to pay tax and contributions. Registration can be done via an online application form or by visiting HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) offices.

Process:

1. Number Request: Apply for a number through the official website or at an HMRC office.
2. Documents: You will need documents to prove your identity and status in the UK.

2. Filling in Tax Returns

• Form P60: Your employer must provide you with a P60 form at the end of the financial year, which contains information about wages and taxes paid.
• Form P45: When you leave your job you will receive a P45 form which also contains information about tax and contributions for the period of employment.

Process:

1. Receipt of Forms: Make sure you receive all required forms from your employer.
2. Filling out Tax Returns: Complete a tax return if you are required to do so, considering all sources of income.

3. Tax Benefits and Deductions

• Benefits: There are tax credits and deductions available in the UK, such as the cost of vocational training or working from home.
• Tax Application: Filing for tax credits and deductions can help reduce your taxable amount and overall tax burden.

Process:

1. Explore Benefits: Find out what benefits are available and applicable to your case.
2. Document Preparation: Gather the necessary documents and apply for benefits.

Taxes and Double Taxation Agreements

1. Double Taxation Agreements

• Principles: The UK has agreements with many countries that prevent double taxation. These treaties avoid paying tax on the same income in two countries.
• Application: If you are a citizen of a country with a double tax treaty with the UK, you may be entitled to tax credits or exemptions.

Process:

1. Check Agreements: Check if there are any agreements between the UK and your country.
2. Filing: Apply for double taxation relief, if applicable.

Taxation of expatriate workers in the UK includes several key aspects such as income tax, National Insurance contributions and capital gains tax. Understanding these aspects and complying with tax obligations is essential to successfully adapting and doing business in the UK. Registering with the tax office, completing tax returns correctly and utilising tax reliefs will help you to manage your tax liabilities effectively and avoid potential problems.

Minimum wage in UK

The minimum wage in the UK is a key aspect of employment law that defines the lower limit of workers’ pay. It is designed to provide a basic level of income to cover basic living costs.

Current Minimum Wage Rates

The minimum wage in the UK is set annually and is divided into several categories depending on the age of workers and their status. Rates can vary and are updated according to government decisions.

1. National Minimum Wage (National Minimum Wage)

• For Workers Over 23: This is the main category that applies to most workers. In 2024 the rate is £11.00 per hour.
• For Workers 21 to 22 Years: The rate for this age group is £10.18 per hour.
• For Workers 18 to 20 Years: The rate is £7.49 per hour.
• For Young People 16 to 17 Years: The rate is £5.28 per hour.

2. National Minimum Wage for an Apprentice (National Living Wage)

• For Workers Over 23: The rate is £11.00 per hour as above. The national minimum wage and the national wage for senior workers in the UK are often the same.

Basic Principles and Rules

1. Application of the Minimum Wage

The minimum wage applies to all workers, whether they are salaried employees, temporary employees or seasonal workers. It also covers workers with zero hour schedules.

2. Calculation of Grades

• Hourly Pay: Minimum wages are usually calculated on the basis of an hourly rate. Employers are required to ensure that the hourly rate is not lower than the set rate.
• Part-time: For part-time workers, the minimum wage is also calculated in proportion to the number of hours worked.

3. Exceptions and Specific Categories

Certain groups of workers may have their own characteristics:

• Trainees: Some trainees and apprentices may be paid less than the minimum wage if they are in training and work part-time.
• Persons with physical disabilities: In some cases it is possible to apply reduced wage rates for persons with disabilities if this is agreed with the employer and has a legal basis.

Rules of Payment and Application

1. Payment for Hours Worked

Employers are required to pay the minimum wage for all hours worked. Payment must be made no later than the due date, which is usually weekly or monthly.

2. Documents and Reports

Employers must keep records of employee hours worked and wages paid. This is important to ensure compliance with the law and to enable inspection by the regulatory authorities.

3. Verification of Compliance

• Checking and Monitoring: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) carries out checks on compliance with the minimum wage. Employers may be subject to inspections and fines may be imposed if breaches are found.
• Fines: Employers can be fined for breaching minimum wage requirements. The fine can be up to £20,000 for each employee whose rights have been breached.

Consequences of Violations

1. Fines and sanctions

• Financial Sanctions: Employers who fail to comply with minimum wage requirements can be fined. Penalties may include both cash payments and an obligation to compensate underpaid wages to workers.
• Criminal Cases: In serious cases of violation of minimum wage legislation, criminal cases may be initiated.

2. Reputational Risks

• Employer image: Failure to comply with minimum wage standards can negatively impact a company’s reputation and affect its ability to attract and retain qualified employees.

How to Prepare and Ensure Compliance

1. Monitoring of Legislative Changes

Regularly check current minimum wage rates and changes in legislation to keep up to date with current requirements.

2. Audit and Verification of Internal Processes

Conduct regular audits and reviews of internal documentation to ensure compliance with minimum wage regulations.

3. Training and informing the staff

Educate your employees and managers on minimum wage and labour law compliance.

Conclusion

The UK minimum wage plays a key role in ensuring the financial stability of employees and setting pay standards. Understanding the current rates, calculation rules and the consequences of breaching the minimum wage will help employers avoid legal and financial risks. Careful compliance and regular monitoring of changes will help ensure compliance and create a fair working environment.